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    Coaxial cable (English abbreviation coax) is a type of cable used in radio frequency. The cross-sectional area of ​​this cable comes from four items, one within each other. The innermost is the live line, that is, the line carrying the signal. This tip is surrounded by a waffle with high dielectric constant. There is a roof (or thin foil) for the communication of the insulator. This braid is grounded. There is a protective cover on the outermost part. This structure enables coaxial cables to be more elastic than other cables of their own thickness.
    
    On the other hand, it is very important that the conductor braid is grounded. Because this cable can change as far as the devices called electromagnetic fields.
    
    The current carried by the coaxial cable is a very high frequency current such as VHF or UHF. The direction of the current changes millions of times per second. (VHF is the frequency range from 30 million to 300 million Hz, and UHF from 300 million to 3 billion Hz.)

     

    Item properties
    Copper or other conductive metals are used as the innermost conductors.
    
    The dielectric constant and physical dimensions (cross-sectional area) of the surrounding insulator are very important as they determine some electrical properties of the cable. The dielectric constant and physical dimensions should not change along the cable. Usually insulators such as polyethylene (PE) or Teflon (PTFE) are used. In thick cables produced for high power, gas or air is used instead of insulators. However, in such cases, separator insulating supports are used inside so that the inner and outer conductors do not touch each other accidentally.
    
    The outer conductor is often a braid made of conductive wires. However, knitting has two problems. The physical thickness of the braid wires affects the electrical characteristics of the cable. In addition, the fact that the knitting is not too tight places an upper limit on the transportable frequency. For this reason, it is preferred to use very thin metal foils as outer conductors. However, metal sheets are not suitable for bending and twisting as well as braiding. In addition, this preference may increase the price of the cable.
    
    The protective outer sheath is related to the protection of the cable rather than the electrical performance. Usually a material such as PVC is used. There is no need for an outer sheath for internal circuits that will not be touched and affected by the environment.
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